Advances in Cryogenic Fracturing of Coalbed Methane Reservoirs with LN2
نویسندگان
چکیده
Coalbed methane (CBM) is a significant unconventional natural gas resource existing in matrix pores and fractures of coal seams cleaner energy compared to crude oil. To produce CBM, stimulation operations are required, given that the permeability generally too low. Hydraulic fracturing most widely used technology for reservoir stimulation; however, there few challenging issues associated with it, e.g., huge water consumption. In past decade, use liquid nitrogen (LN2) as fluid has been intensively studied stimulating CBM reservoirs, achieving considerable progress understanding mechanisms optimizing techniques. This paper presents thorough review experimental design observations, modeling procedures results, field applications, published patents. Existing studies divided into five different groups discussion comparison, including immersion tests, injection jet drilling numerical modeling, applications. Based on comprehensive evaluation outcomes, it obvious cryogenic using LN2 promising eco-friendly technique can effectively enhance rock increase production CBM.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Energies
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['1996-1073']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en15249464